Mid-Term Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Mid-Term - Essay Example this title, I will use the term children under concern to refer to children in the United States who include abandoned, orphaned or children separated from one or all of their parents. Before the Civil War, these children were used as servants. Many were traded and shipped to colonial America from England. Most of them provided labor in the farms in exchange for boarding and food. There was little government involvement in their welfare. Mostly they were held under the indenture system. A movement, congregate living movement, just before mid-eighteenth century, fought against the indenture system. The movement held that these children under concern be rehabilitated and mass housed in orphanages like charity-supported almshouse. The first of these facilities in North America got opened in Georgia and was termed â€Å"private orphan asylum†. Most of them were mostly funded by religious charities and mostly white children under age ten were taken in. When the American Revolutionary War ended, seven years in South Carolina there was established the first public orphanage. By this time private ones were being opened up in many places in the United States. In 1838 the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania in EX PARTE CROUSE, held that children have needs, not rights, and that the government has to ensure provision of education, protection and care needed by children including those under concern herein. Charles Loring Brace, considered the father of modern foster care, in 1953 founded the New York Children’s Aid Society (NYCAS). This was partly motivated by the fact that orphanages were getting overwhelmed. He oversaw transportation of the children under concern from highly populated to less populated regions of the country. This ran for seventy five years till before start of the Great Depression. Around 1875, states started passing child labor laws in their legislature and got more active in foster care. 1909 then saw the first national conference for children under